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NEW  YORK 


gUST^VUS  JLVOLPHUS 

CROWN  PRINCE  OF  SWEDEN 


JUNE  5,  1916 

• • 'I HTffrnnnwfim — rrnrnrr-i'ii  Hi'ii mnTBraBMM»nMWBrir~r'iii iiiiiiliiipi- 


i 


The  Adbott  Press,  N.  Y. 


DDRESSES  DELIVERED  AT  A 
LUNCHEON  -’HELD  IN  THE 
HOTEL  WALDORF-ASTORIA 
NEW  YORK  CITY  ON  JUNE 
5TH,  1916  IN  HONOR 

OF  HIS  ROYAL  HIGHNESS 
GUSTAVUS  ADOLPHUS  CROWN  PRINCE 
OF  SWEDEN.  — ’ — ’ The  guests  who  heard 
His  Royal  Highness  pay  his  respects  to  the 
churches  of  America  included  representatives  of 
every  important  religious  organization  in  New 
York,  both  clergymen  and  laymen.  C’+O 

The  invitations  were  issued  in  the  name  of  the 
Continuation  Committee  of  the  American  Section 
of  the  Universal  Christian  Conference  on  Life  and 
Work,  The  Church  Peace  Union,  The  World  Alli- 
ance for  International  Friendship,  and  The  Federal 
Council  of  the  Churches  of  Christ  in  America.  — » 

The  Reverend  William  P.  Merrill,  D.  D.,  President  of 
the  Church  Peace  Union  and  the  World  Alliance,  presided. 
The  Right  Reverend  William  T.  Manning,  D.  D., 
pronounced  the  Invocation;  speeches  were  made  by  The 
Reverend  S.  Parkes  Cadman,  D.  D.,  President,  Federal 
Council  of  Churches  of  Christ  in  America,  The  Reverend 
Arthur  J.  Brown,  D.  D.,  foint  Chairman,  Continuation 
Committee  of  the  Universal  Christian  Conference  on  Life  and 
Work,  and  Mr.  Robert  Fulton  Cutting,  member.  Ad- 
visory Board  of  Laymen,  World  Alliance. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2017  with  funding  from 
Columbia  University  Libraries 


https://archive.org/details/addressesdeliver00unse_1 


ONE  of  the  great  gains  of  the  Stockholm  Conference  is  the 
knowledge  that  the  Churches  of  the  world  have  a real  friend 
in  the  person  of  His  Royal  Highness,  the  Crown  Prince  of 
Sweden.  When  for  the  first  time  since  the  days  of  the  great  Councils 
in  the  early  years  of  the  Christian  era  the  Eastern  Orthodox  Church 
met  with  the  Western  Churches  in  the  spirit  of  unity  at  the  great 
Universal  Christian  Conference  on  Life  and  Work  in  August  1915, 
His  Royal  Highness  was  at  hand  to  welcome  them.  This  Con- 
ference brought  together  representatives  of  all  the  scattered  com- 
munions of  Christendom.  The  war  and  its  bitter  aftermath  had 
stamped  the  need  for  clear  thinking  and  wise  action  upon  the 
churches  and  the  harmony  that  developed  when  they  met  in  Council 
indicated  the  desire  on  their  part  to  face  the  problems  and  make  their 
contribution  toward  the  healing  of  the  nations.  The  Prince  to- 
gether with  members  of  the  Swedish  State  and  Church  had  labored 
long  and  arduously  arranging  for  this  meeting;  he  also  served  as 
Chairman  of  the  local  and  National  Committee  on  Arrangements. 
His  attendance  at  every  session  of  the  Conference  and  his  vital  inter- 
est in  its  proceedings  were  an  inspiration  to  all  the  delegates. 

While  the  conference  was  in  session  we  learned  that  the  Crown 
Prince  was  planning  a trip  to  America.  An  informal  request  was 
made  to  him  in  behalf  of  the  Churches  in  the  United  States  that  he 
honor  them  by  accepting  an  invitation  to  be  their  guest  at  a dinner 
or  luncheon  in  New  York  arranged  and  attended  by  churchmen 
and  laymen.  Upon  returning  home  a formal  invitation  was  extended 
through  the  courtesy  and  kindness  of  the  American  Minister  to 
Sweden,  the  Honorable  Robert  Woods  Bliss.  The  answer  accepting 
was  sent  by  cable  to  The  Church  Peace  Union  which  associated 
with  itself  the  World  Alliance,  the  Continuation  Committee  of 
the  Universal  Christian  Conference,  and  the  Federal  Council  of 
the  Churches  of  Christ  in  America.  All  arrangements  were  put 
into  the  hands  of  Fred  B.  Smith  and  Henry  A.  Atkinson.  In  con- 
sultation with  Honorable  O.  H.  Lamm,  the  Swedish  Consul 


General  in  New  York,  Mr.  Smith  carried  out  all  the  details,  or- 
ganized the  Committee  and  issued  the  invitations  in  the  name  of 
the  hosts,  ably  assisted  by  Mr.  Harry  N.  Holmes. 

It  was  a remarkable  occasion.  It  could  have  been  larger — but 
not  more  representative  of  the  religious  life  of  our  country.  Those 
present  will  never  forget  the  charm  of  our  guest  of  honor.  Sweden, 
America  and  the  World  may  well  be  proud  of  such  a Prince.  He  lives 
up  to  the  traditions  of  his  name  and  lineage.  Rulers,  statesmen 
and  other  men  of  note  have  visited  America  in  the  past.  Some  have 
come  with  more  reputation — but  no  one  has  ever  departed  with 
more  prestige.  Gustavus  Adolphus  is  a Christian  prince  and  as  he 
spoke  to  us  we  felt  that  he  belongs  to  the  whole  religious  life  of 
our  day.  He  is  a true  democrat;  received  by  the  rich,  he  has  re- 
membered the  poor;  honored  by  the  various  universities,  he  has 
identified  himself  with  the  student  life  of  these  institutions;  he  has 
been  at  home  with  the  soldiers  at  West  Point  and  found  time  to 
“review”  a Sunday  School  parade  in  Brooklyn.  He  has  honored 
our  Nation  and  our  common  religion.  We  shall  not  forget  the 
Christian  gentleman  who  has  been  our  guest,  who  with  qualities 
of  wisdom,  learning,  diplomacy,  grace  and  democracy  fulfills  our 
ideal  of  a real  Prince. 


ADDRESS  OF  THE 

REV.  DR.  WILLIAM  PIERSON  MERRILL 

)UR  Royal  Highness:  We  count  it  a 
great  pleasure  and  a high  privilege  that 
we  are  allowed  to  give  expression  in  this 
manner  to  our  satisfaction  and  pleasure 
in  the  visit  you  are  making  to  this 
country.  We  know  well  that  our  greet- 
ing is  but  a very  small  fragment  of  the  welcome  you  are 
receiving  from  all  sections  of  our  country  and  from  all 
its  people.  And  we  are  sure  you  will  understand^and 
appreciate  the  fact  that  all  that  is  said  and  done  here 
and  elsewhere  in  the  way  of  formal  greeting  will  be  but 
a fragmentary  expression  of  the  real  welcome  that  all  the 
people  of  the  United  States  extend  to  one  they  honor 
both  for  what  he  is  and  for  the  country  he  represents. 

There  are  two  facts  which  give  special  significance  to 
this  small  gathering.  First  of  all  it  is  a gathering  of 
churchmen,  who  in  an  unofficial  but  very  real  sense 
represent  that  great  movement  foreshadowed  by  the 
prophets  of  Israel,  given  form  by  Jesus  of  Nazareth,  our 
Lord,  and  continued  down  through  the  ages,  under 
varying  expressions,  as  a real  fellowship  of  those  who 
hold  a common  faith  and  seek  the  great  common  ends 
for  which  no  better  name  has  been  found,  or  can  be 
found,  than  His  noble  phrase,  “The  Kingdom  of  God.’’ 
We  are  Christian  believers,  sir,  and  are  gathered  here 
as  such,  glad  to  greet  in  you  one  who  has  a like  precious 
faith  with  us.  We  believe  that  there  is  something  more 
important  than  all  political  movements,  all  educational 
and  scientific  theories,  all  absorbing  commercial  and 
industrial  interests;  and  that  most  vital  concern  is  the 

[5] 


spirit  and  ideals  of  the  religion  of  Christ,  without  which 
all  our  progress  would  lead  us  away  from,  rather  than 
toward,  real  good.  We  know  well  the  deep  interest 
you  take  in  our  holy  religion,  and  in  the  church  which 
is  its  instrument  and  agent.  Your  real  interest  was 
evidenced,  in  a way  not  to  be  forgotten,  through  your 
personal  participation  in  the  important  conference  held 
at  Stockholm  last  summer.  No  one  who  heard  or  read 
your  words,  spoken  at  that  gathering,  could  doubt  that 
from  the  heart  you  believe  in  and  seek  to  serve  the  King- 
dom of  our  Lord  Jesus  Christ.  For  that  reason  it  gives 
us,  as  churchmen,  peculiar  satisfaction  to  welcome  you. 

But  in  another  way  also  this  meeting  has  a signifi- 
cance of  its  own.  For  it  is  a gathering  of  men  who  be- 
lieve ardently  in  the  fullest  and  most  generous  coopera- 
tion among  the  nations  of  the  earth.  In  the  recent  his- 
tory of  our  country  there  have  been  incidents  and  devel- 
opments and  movements  which  might  be  taken  as  indi- 
cating a purpose  on  the  part  of  America  to  stand  alone, 
and  take  her  way  regardless  of  other  peoples.  We  are 
very  sure  that  such  incidents  and  developments  do  not 
represent  in  any  way  or  to  any  degree  the  real  attitude  of 
the  true  American  people.  We  are  sure  that  the  heart  of 
America  beats  strongly  with  confidence  in  other  nations, 
and  desires  the  fullest  possible  cooperation  with  them 
all.  There  are  special  reasons  why  your  country  and 
ours  should  be  drawn  into  relations  especially  close. 
And  we  are  glad  of  this  occasion  to  voice  our  deep  con- 
viction, that  the  real  desire  of  our  nation  is  for  the  fullest 
and  highest  international  cooperation. 

We  are  sure  that  these  two  significant  elements  in  this 
gathering  belong  together.  We  are  Internationalists 
because  we  are  Christians.  The  Christian  people  of  this 
country  as  a whole  heartily  believe  in  generous  and 
brotherly  cooperation  between  nations.  How  could 
they  do  otherwise,  when  the  very  essence  of  the  Chris- 
tian spirit  is  love  and  brotherhood?  And  we  are  sure 
that  the  Kingdom  of  God  will  never  fully  come  until  the 

[6] 


nations  of  the  world  learn  to  live  together  as  one  great 
family  of  God. 

It  is  therefore  with  peculiar  pleasure  that  we,  as 
representatives  of  the  religious  life  of  our  country,  and 
of  its  internationally-minded  folk,  extend  to  you  this 
welcome,  and  express  to  you  our  good  wishes  and  our 
satisfaction  that  you  have  come  to  these  shores. 


ADDRESS  OF  DR.  S.  PARKES  CADMAN 


’E  meet  to  pay  a deserved  tribute  of  esteem 
and  affection  to  the  reigning  House  of 
Sweden  and  to  the  nation  itself,  repre- 
sented here  by  His  Royal  Highness  the 
Crown  Prince  and  his  consort. 

Sweden  exercises  a profound  and 
formative  influence  for  good  upon  our  common  civiliza- 
tion which  far  exceeds  that  of  other  nations  possessing 
larger  and  more  populous  territories.  Her  advanced 
positions  in  religion,  in  the  arts  and  sciences,  in  her 
combination  of  security  and  peace  and  the  elevation  of 
her  people  at  large,  offer  humanity  an  example  it  will 
be  wise  to  emulate. 

This  preeminence  is  traceable  to  the  intellectual 
integrity  and  moral  insight  and  indomitable  energy  of 
the  Swedes  themselves,  animated  and  led  by  a succes- 
sion of  well  equipped  and  competent  rulers. 

Nor  have  they  labored  in  vain.  When  we  are 
asked,  what  gains  has  your  boasted  civilization  won  in 
recent  years?  does  it  make  men  reverence  human  life 
and  freedom?  has  it  caused  them  to  cherish  order  and 
progress  and  to  advance  them  hand  in  hand?  I submit 
that  these  questions  can  be  answered  affirmatively. 

Since  the  Armistice  of  1918,  the  forthcoming  society 
of  nations  has  measurably  displaced  older  alliances  rest- 
ing on  precarious  balances  of  power.  All  treaties  are 
at  last  matters  of  record.  Good,  bad  or  indifferent, 
they  are  known  for  what  they  are.  The  reduction  of 
naval  armaments  by  the  Washington  Compact  is  even 
more  notable  for  what  it  predicts  than  for  what  it  is.  The 
Stockholm  Conference  registered  the  essential  brother- 

[8] 


hood  of  Eastern  and  Western  Christianity  after  a formal 
separation  lasting  for  1400  years.  The  Locarno  Con- 
ference followed,  and  revealed  the  passionate  desire  of 
the  plain  people  everywhere  for  protection  from  war. 
Jew  and  Gentile,  Roman  Catholic,  Greek  Orthodox  and 
Protestant  alike,  have  cooperated  for  these  significant 
purposes.  And  though  some  of  the  assemblies  named 
or  their  overtures  may  have  been  no  more  than  ges- 
tures, at  least  they  were  the  gestures  of  a living  and  not 
a dying  civilization. 

The  World  Alliance  for  International  Friendship 
through  the  Churches,  under  whose  auspices  we  enjoy 
this  privilege,  is  but  one  of  many  kindred  organizations 
at  home  and  abroad  which  are  pledged  to  similar  pro- 
grammes. Their  sure  test  is  that  of  time.  If  it  forbids 
their  obliteration,  happy  are  we!  If  it  guarantees  their 
expansion  and  practical  fulfilment,  the  next  goal  of 
statesmanship  and  history  is  in  sight. 

Certainly  it  is  the  imperative  duty  of  right-minded 
men  and  women  of  every  race  and  religion  to  seek  the 
peace  derived  from  justice  and  the  right.  If  we  refuse 
to  tolerate  the  absolutisms  of  the  past,  then  in  God’s 
Name,  as  the  Father  of  all  man,  let  us  suggest  a more 
efficient  jurisdiction  of  our  own.  Yet  this  jurisdiction 
cannot  be  established  by  desultory  methods.  There 
will  be  little  or  no  ethical  or  spiritual  growth  in  nations 
until  the  causes  of  armed  conflict  have  been  reduced  or 
obliterated.  The  disruption  of  international,  social 
and  economic  life  is  but  symptomatic  of  the  deeper  dis- 
ruption of  the  international  morale.  So  long  as  peace 
and  war  are  primarily  states  of  mind,  moral  disarma- 
ment must  precede  physical  disarmament.  Otherwise 
peace  will  again  be  prostituted  for  the  continuance  of 
war,  and  war  itself  recur. 

Here,  as  I see  it,  we  go  beyond  the  bourne  of  differ- 
ences and  find  a congenial  task  we  should  unhesitatingly 
undertake.  Its  heavy  end  rests,  however,  upon  those 
historic  churches  which  have  bred  great  nations  and 
fostered  their  consciousness  of  superiority.  At  this 


juncture,  these  Churches  and  nations  must  choose  their 
own  future.  Should  Churches  insist  upon  decent  and 
righteous  behaviour  by  the  States  they  have  so  largely 
created,  our  type  of  civilization  will,  in  my  judgment, 
enter  upon  an  era  of  health  and  vigor  it  has  not  yet  ex- 
perienced. But  if  they  refuse  their  day  of  grace  unto 
repentance  and  amendment  they  will  eventually  forfeit 
their  moral  control  of  human  society. 

One  does  not  have  to  indulge  either  the  needless 
fears  which  defeat  sound  sense  or  the  wild  conjectures 
that  outrun  possibility.  Yet  a careful  review  of  mod- 
ern civilization  and  its  latent  and  active  forces  con- 
vinces me  that  it  will  presently  coalesce  these  forces  in 
behalf  of  its  own  readjustment. 

Patriotism  will  increase  when  it  is  purified  by  hu- 
manism. National  affections  will  no  longer  be  a barrier 
but  a nucleus  for  the  brotherhood  we  dream  so  vividly 
and  so  timidly  approach.  In  this  renaissance  of  plain 
righteousness  I venture  to  predict  that  Sweden,  the  land 
of  our  gallant  guest  of  honor,  will  continue  to  lead  the 
world. 


ADDRESS  OF  THE  REV.  DR.  ARTHUR  J.  BROWN 

OUR  Royal  Highness,  Mr.  Chairman — 
Among  other  good  qualities,  His  Royal 
Highness  has  one  which  few  Americans 
are  supposed  to  possess — modesty.  The 
speakers  today  have  therefore  been  re- 
quested to  avoid  eulogy.  When  Disraeli 
was  Prime  Minister  of  Great  Britain,  he  said  that  in 
addressing  royalty  he  laid  on  flattery  with  a trowel. 
Whether  Queen  Victoria  liked  to  be  plastered  in  that 
fashion,  I do  not  know,  but  our  distinguished  guest  does 
not.  Some  things  that  I might  say  would  not  be  mere 
flattery  but  sober  truth,  but  mindful  of  the  hint  I leave 
them  unsaid.  Happily,  the  more  evident  one’s  good 
qualities  are,  the  less  necessity  there  is  for  publicly 
describing  them. 

But  surely  we  may  testify  to  our  respect  for  Sweden 
and  her  people.  One  who  has  visited  that  land  can 
never  forget  the  mingled  beauty  and  sublimity  of  the 
scenery — those  hills  and  valleys,  those  streams  and  for- 
ests, those  lakes  and  fiords,  that  fascinating  trip  on  the 
far-famed  Gota  Canal.  One  is  conscious,  too,  of  the 
spell  of  by-gone  days.  For  the  soil  of  Sweden  teems 
with  historic  associations.  Few  peoples  have  such 
treasures  of  ancient  folk  lore,  or  such  quaintly  interest- 
ing village  life,  or  such  interesting  old  castles,  or  such  a 
famous  university  as  Upsala,  or  such  a handsome  capital 
city  as  Stockholm,  or  such  early  development  of  parlia- 
mentary institutions,  this  year  being  the  five-hundredth 
anniversary  of  the  Swedish  Riksdag.  High  on  the  roll 
of  the  kings  of  history  are  the  names  of  Gustavus  Vasa 
(15x1-1560)  the  founder  of  modern  Sweden,  the  immor- 

[II] 


tal  Gustavus  Adolphus  (i6ii-i63z),  the  brilliant  Charles 
XII  (1697-1718),  and  the  wise  and  able  Oscar  II  (1887- 
1907).  Of  present  day  sovereigns,  no  one  is  more  loved 
at  home  and  respected  abroad  than  His  Majesty,  Gus- 
taf  V,  father  of  His  Royal  Highness,  the  Crown  Prince. 

Our  party  arrived  one  evening  at  Strangnas,  an 
interior  town  seldom  visited  by  tourists.  Here,  403 
years  ago  (15x3),  the  Regent  Gustavus  Vasa  was  chosen 
King.  After  a late  dinner  we  went  to  the  cathedral,  an 
old  edifice  of  noble  architecture.  One  must  borrow  the 
words  of  Milton  in  speaking  of  “the  high  embowed  roof, 
with  antic  pillars  massy  proof;  and  storied  windows 
richly  dight,  casting  a dim  religious  light.’’  The 
statues  of  ancient  kings  and  heroes,  the  saintly  face  of 
the  venerable  bishop,  the  sweetly  solemn  music  of  “the 
full-voiced  choir,’’  and  the  reverently  conducted  liturgy 
combined  to  make  us  feel  that  we  were  on  sacred  ground 
and  that  we  were  being  led  in  our  evening  devotions  by 
men  who  had  audience  with  God. 

We  were  impressed,  too,  by  the  intelligence  and 
sincerity  of  the  Swedish  people.  I emphasize  the  com- 
bination. Intelligence  without  sincerity  is  dangerous. 
Sincerity  without  intelligence  is  stupid.  It  is  the  union 
of  these  qualities  that  is  valuable.  No  doubt  there  are 
Swedes,  as  there  are  Americans,  who  are  good,  bad  and 
indifferent.  I can  not  speak  with  positiveness  about 
Swedes,  but  I can  regarding  Americans.  I have  inside 
information.  I can  only  say  that  in  two  visits  to  Swe- 
den I saw  no  bad,  few  indifferent,  and  many  good  peo- 
ple. Those  of  us  who  were  delegates  to  the  Universal 
Christian  Conference  on  Life  and  Work  in  Stockholm 
last  Summer  have  received  kindnesses  in  many  lands, 
but  never  have  we  known  such  wonderful  hospitality  as 
that  which  we  experienced  in  Sweden.  His  Majesty 
the  King  received  the  delegates  in  audience  and  enter- 
tained them  at  luncheon.  His  Royal  Highness  the 
Crown  Prince  was  Chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Ar- 
rangements and  with  her  Royal  Highness  the  Crown 
Princess  personally  attended  every  session. 

[ 12  ] 


As  I wandered  about  the  country  I thought  of  the 
contributions  which  Swedes  have  made  to  the  world’s 
best  life.  In  botany,  Carolus  Linnaeus  (1707-1778);  in 
music,  that  glorious  songster,  Jenny  Lind;  in  science, 
theology  and  philosophy,  that  universal  genius  Emanuel 
Swedenborg  (1688-1771),  who,  two  hundred  years  ago, 
made  drawings  of  a fire  engine,  an  air  pump,  a subma- 
rine, a rapid-fire  gun  and  a flying  machine,  who  ranged 
widely  over  the  fields  of  mathematics  and  astronomy, 
chemistry  and  geology,  and  left  thirty  volumes  on  re- 
ligious faith  and  duty  and  the  mysteries  of  Heaven  and 
Hell.  Then  there  is  the  chemist  Arrhenius,  who  first 
propounded  the  theory  of  disassociation  upon  which  the 
modern  science  of  electro-chemistry  is  based.  I may  say 
to  you  in  confidence  that  I have  only  a hazy  idea  as  to 
what  the  theory  of  disassociation  is,  but  when  I ran 
across  a reference  to  it  yesterday  I thought  it  would 
sound  well  and  so  I put  it  in.  A modern  Swede,  Selma 
Lager lof  has  received  the  Nobel  Prize  in  literature. 
Time  would  fail  me  to  recount  all  that  Swedes  have  done 
for  other  peoples,  and  America  not  the  least.  The  two 
million  Americans  of  Swedish  descent  are  among  the  best 
elements  of  our  population.  John  Morton,  one  of  the 
signers  of  the  American  Declaration  of  Independence, 
was  the  precursor  of  a long  list  of  men  of  Swedish  birth 
who  have  enriched  our  national  life.  The  occasion  of 
the  visit  of  his  Royal  Highness  is  to  join  us  in  honoring 
the  memory  of  that  great  Swedish  engineer,  John  Erics- 
son, whose  invention  of  the  Monitor  saved  the  American 
Navy  from  destruction  in  our  Civil  War.  America  has 
been  fortunate,  too,  in  the  officials  who  have  represented 
Sweden  in  the  diplomatic  and  consular  Service,  a ser- 
vice which  is  represented  here  today  by  that  distin- 
guished diplomat,  his  Excellency  Wollmar  Filip  Bos- 
trom,  and  that  popular  Consul  General,  Mr.  Lamm, 
whose  first  name  is  that  of  one  of  Sweden’s  ancient 
rulers.  King  Olaf. 

It  is  good  to  remember  that  the  relations  between 
Sweden  and  the  United  States  have  never  been  clouded  by 


controversy.  Trade  has  been  mutually  profitable,  al- 
though not  as  large  as  it  should  be.  I wanted  a match 
this  morning  and  read  on  the  box  “Made  in  Sweden.” 
America  bought  of  Sweden  last  year  paper,  woodpulp, 
ore,  iron,  steel,  lumber  and  other  articles  to  the  total 
value  of  $40,998,857.  In  turn  Sweden  bought  of 
America  grain,  flour,  cotton,  copper,  oil,  automobiles 
and  other  articles  to  the  value  of  $4x,465,446. 

Sweden’s  attitude  toward  America  has  always  been 
characterized  by  good-will.  But  we  are  aware  that 
America  is  not  popular  in  some  other  parts  of  Europe. 
This  is  partly  due  to  defects  in  our  manner  which  are 
justly  criticized,  partly  to  the  dislike  which  a struggling 
debtor  naturally  feels  toward  a prosperous  creditor. 
But  when  some  Englishmen  last  year  charged  Americans 
with  being  conceited,  I replied  that  we  probably  were 
because  most  of  us  are  descendants  of  the  British. 

Will  not  our  European  friends  remember  that  some 
policies,  which  are  comparatively  easy  in  a country  like 
Sweden,  whose  population  is  more  homogeneous,  are 
very  difficult  in  a country  like  America,  whose  popula- 
tion is  heterogeneous.  I found  Stockholm  Swedish, 
but  New  York  is  the  largest  Irish  city  in  the  world,  the 
largest  negro  city,  the  second  largest  Italian  city  and  the 
third  largest  German  city.  As  for  Jews,  I am  proud  to 
say  that  I do  not  need  to  wait  until  I get  to  Heaven  to  sit 
down  daily  with  Abraham,  Isaac  and  Jacob,  prominent 
among  America’s  best  citizens.  A dozen  other  strains 
might  be  mentioned.  European  critics  may  wisely  re- 
member that  our  mixture  of  elements  of  European  origin 
may  account  for  some  of  our  national  characteristics. 
But  it  was  a recent  British  visitor  who  said  that  Great 
Britain  also  has  varied  strains;  Irish  who  do  not  know 
what  they  want  and  will  not  be  satisfied  until  they  get 
it;  Welsh  who  on  Sunday  pray  on  their  knees  and  the  rest 
of  the  week  prey  on  their  neighbors;  Scotchmen  who 
keep  the  Sabbath  and  everything  else  that  they  can  lay 
their  hands  on;  and  English  who  are  self-made  and  wor- 
ship their  maker. 

[ 14] 


The  conditions  of  the  modern  world  imperatively 
require  two  things  which  Sweden  happily  illustrates. 
The  first  of  these  is  character.  The  defects  from  which 
mankind  is  suffering  are  not  defects  of  knowledge  or 
power,  but  of  character.  As  Herbert  Spencer  truly  said, 
“There  is  no  political  alchemy  by  which  you  can  get 
golden  conduct  out  of  leaden  motives . ’ ’ Dwight  Moody 
said  in  pithier  words,  “If  you  want  good  water,  it  is  not 
enough  to  paint  the  pump,  you  must  clean  out  the  well.” 

The  second  thing  is  international  friendship.  Sus- 
picion and  jealousy,  fear  and  hatred  have  permeated 
men’s  minds.  Public  sentiment  has  been  gassed.  The 
impulses  of  men  have  been  poisoned.  There  are  men 
who  vociferate  from  the  housetops  that  they  are  ‘Too 
per  cent  American”  in  terms  which  remind  one  of  the 
Western  grocer  who  is  said  to  have  put  a placard  in  his 
window  reading:  “I  am  aoo  per  cent  American;  I hate 
everybody.”  Sweden  knows  from  the  painful  experi- 
ence of  a former  century  what  a narrow  nationalism 
means.  But  Sweden  has  learned  the  lesson  which  some 
other  nations,  America  included,  have  only  partially 
learned.  Under  the  wise  leadership  of  her  Royal  House, 
her  influence  has  been  exercised  to  moderate  ill-will  and 
to  promote  friendship.  What  a splendid  instance  of 
this  was  afforded  at  Geneva  only  a few  months  ago, 
when,  in  the  interest  of  peace  and  good-will,  the  Swe- 
dish delegation  offered  to  relinquish  Sweden’s  seat  in  the 
Council  of  the  League  of  Nations  if  thereby  an  amic- 
able adjustment  might  be  reached. 

The  urgent  need  of  the  hour  is  the  organization  of 
the  world  on  the  basis  of  friendship  instead  of  force,  the 
law  of  love  versus  the  law  of  jungle.  Because  the  League 
of  Nations,  whatever  its  defects,  is  the  only  organized 
effort  of  nations  to  substitute  reason  for  war  in  the  se- 
tlement  of  international  disputes,  I hope  that  America 
will  yet  take  her  due  place  at  its  council  table.  At 
first,  we  had  unofficial  observers,  who  at  least  were  bet- 
ter than  unobservant  officials.  Happily,  under  the 
present  Administration,  we  have  passed  beyond  that 

[15] 


stage,  and,  although  not  yet  a member  of  the  League, 
America  is  entering  the  World  Court  and  is  so  far  co- 
operating with  the  League  that  it  was  represented  at  no 
less  than  six  conferences  that  were  held  in  Geneva  un- 
der its  auspices  in  the  single  month  of  April.  We  are 
getting  on,  and  we  can  now  recall  without  offense  that, 
when  a former  Ambassador  told  a London  audience 
that  America  would  never  have  anything  to  do  with 
the  League,  many  of  us  felt  like  good  old  Bishop 
Cox,  who  said  that  he  did  wish  that  some  one  would 
compose  a form  of  sound  words  suitable  for  the  use  of 
a pious  man  in  circumstances  of  extreme  provocation. 

We  do  not  want  sentimental  pacifism  on  the  one 
hand  or  sword-rattling  jingoism  on  the  other,  but  sim- 
ply an  extension  to  international  relations  of  those  prin- 
ciples and  methods  of  civilized  procedure  that  have 
brought  order  into  local  communities  by  substituting 
law  and  courts  and  police  for  lawless  individualism. 
Jingoes  tell  us  that  it  is  Utopian  to  imagine  that  nations 
will  trust  one  another.  Well,  I would  rather  live  in 
Utopia  than  in  Hell,  and  General  Sherman  truly  declared 
that  “war  is  hell.”  Is  it  impossible,  as  some  allege,  to 
bring  nations  to  see  that  international  justice  and  good- 
will should  govern  their  relations  instead  of  the  law  of 
the  jungle?  Let  us  have  done  with  such  primitive  ani- 
malism. The  workers  on  that  stupendous  task  which 
had  so  long  been  deemed  impossible,  the  Panama  Canal, 
lustily  sang  as  they  toiled: 

Got  any  rivers  that  are  uncrossable? 

Got  any  mountains  that  can’t  be  tunneled  through? 

We  specialize  in  things  that  are  impossible, 

In  things  that  nobody  else  can  do. 

In  that  spirit  let  us  face  our  task.  Nothing  that  is 
right  is  impossible.  Whatever  ought  to  be  done  by  the 
cooperation  of  high-minded.  God-fearing  men  can  be 
done.  For  this  inspiring  consummation  the  time,  de- 
mands men  of  clearness  of  vision,  of  catholicity  of 
spirit,  of  statesmanship  of  planning,  of  the  splendor  of 


a mighty  faith  in  humanity  and  in  God.  Let  us  on  this 
happy  international  occasion  renew  our  devotion  to 
the  noble  ideal  of  universal  good-will.  We  feel  today 
the  clasp  of  friendly  hands  across  the  sea  as  we  realize 
anew  the  bonds  of  respect  and  affection  which  unite  two 
peoples.  We  echo  the  line  in  Homer’s  Odyssey  many 
centuries  ago;  “A  friend  with  an  understanding  heart 
is  worth  no  less  than  a brother.”  Shall  not  we  in 
America  heed  the  solemn  summons  which  his  Majesty 
the  King  of  Sweden  addressed  to  his  own  people  prior  to 
the  assembling  of  the  Universal  Christian  Conference 
on  Life  and  Work  last  year; 

‘‘We,  Gustaf,  by  God’s  grace  King  of  the  Swedes, 
Goths  and  Vandals,  make  known  that  we  have  com- 
manded and  ordained,  according  to  an  ancient  and 
wholesome  usage,  that  there  shall  be  observed  days  of 
thanksgiving,  fasting,  penitence  and  prayer;  that  the 
Spirit  of  Christ  may  reign  more  fully  in  the  hearts  of 
men  and  in  the  lives  of  peoples;  that  the  way  may  be 
discerned  and  the  will  strengthened  with  one  accord  to 
walk  in  the  way  of  love;  and  that,  whatever  else  may 
divide  us,  we  may  humbly  unite  in  considering  how  we 
may  fill  our  duties  as  citizens,  men  and  Christians.” 
Right  royally  spoken! 

In  Christ  there  is  no  East  nor  West, 

In  Him  no  South  nor  North, 

But  one  great  fellowship  of  Love 

Throughout  the  whole  wide  earth. 

In  Him  shall  true  hearts  everywhere 
Their  high  communion  find; 

His  service  is  the  golden  cord 
Close  binding  all  mankind. 

Your  Highness,  be  assured  that  in  our  prayers  for 
our  American  President  and  people,  we  shall  not  forget 
to  pray  that  the  blessing  of  Almighty  God  may  continue 
to  rest  upon  the  Royal  Family  and  people  of  Sweden. 


ADDRESS  OF  MR.  ROBERT  FULTON  CUTTING 

T is  with  great  pleasure  that  we  welcome 
to  the  New  World  so  distinguished  a 
representative  of  the  Old  as  Prince  Gus- 
tavus  Adolphus.  His  world  is  old  in 
its  traditions,  its  experiences,  its  dra- 
matic history,  and  yet  young  in  the 
aspirations  of  emancipated  peoples.  We  are  still  adol- 
escent and  have  much  to  learn  from  the  long  past  of 
Europe  and  yet  with  the  ambitious  spirit  of  youth,  we 
engage  in  dreams  of  leading  the  world  in  shaping  the 
progress  of  civilization.  The  lessons  we  have  learned 
in  our  successful  industrial  and  commercial  life  in  a 
measure  reflect  our  apprehensions  of  the  function  of 
religion  in  molding  the  plastic  relationship  of  man  to 
man.  The  changed  and  changing  attitude  of  employer 
and  employee,  the  solicitude  of  society  for  the  welfare  of 
the  unfortunate  and  for  children  expressed  in  legisla- 
tion are  eloquent  testimonies  to  the  leavening  power  of 
Christianity.  There  is  a steadily  rising  tide  of  social 
idealism  that  is  full  of  promise.  It  is  true  that  the 
Church  is  often  criticised  because  it  does  not  seem  to  be 
the  protagonist  of  this  movement.  There  was  a pro- 
found disappointment  that  it  had  not  averted  the  ca- 
tastrophe of  the  late  war  but  was  not  this  disappoint- 
ment itself  a subconscious  tribute  to  its  potentiality — 
a virtual  recognition  of  the  profound  influence  which  it 
exercises  in  society.  But  the  Church  is  doing  leavening 
work  in  civilization,  imperfectly,  insufficiently,  tim- 
orously, but  persistently,  and  she  will  do  it  more  effect- 
ually as  she  learns  to  grasp  the  full  significance  of  the 
Gospel  metaphor  of  the  leaven  that  “the  Kingdom  of 

[i8] 


God  cometh  not  with  observation.”  The  Church 
must  learn  to  live  less  for  herself  and  more  for  civilization 
for  it  is  as  true  of  the  organization  as  of  the  individual 
that  ‘‘He  that  loseth  his  life  shall  find  it.” 

We  commenced  our  National  career  deeply  pene- 
trated by  religious  principle.  As  one  visits  Bruton 
Church  in  old  Williamsburg,  Virginia,  that  impressive 
monument  of  Colonial  piety,  and  sees  the  many  pews 
marked  with  the  names  of  the  great  Virginians  who 
worshipped  in  them  in  the  last  half  of  the  Eighteenth 
Century,  we  realize  how  much  the  infancy  of  the  United 
States  owed  to  Christian  idealism.  In  his  first  inaugural 
address,  the  immortal  Washington  expressed  his  confi- 
dence in  the  future  of  the  new  republic  because  he  knew 
himself  to  be  surrounded  by  men  who  would  order  the 
conduct  of  public  business  by  the  ‘‘pure  and  immutable 
laws  of  private  morality’  ’ .It  is  in  this  spirit  alone  that  we 
can  justify  the  aspiration  to  lead  the  march  of  civiliza- 
tion. The  only  kind  of  leadership  that  will  win  for  us 
the  spiritual  hegemony  of  the  world  is  that  which  is 
essentially  religious.  With  all  of  our  shortcomings, 
we  have  at  least  signally  expressed  our  regard  for  per- 
sonal uprighteousness  in  the  selection  of  our  Chief  Exec- 
utives. In  the  long  roll  of  our  Presidents,  we  have 
chosen  only  men  of  blameless  character  and  high  ideals 
and  it  is  with  peculiar  satisfaction  we  know  that  our 
distinguished  guest  on  visiting  Washington  found  in 
the  White  House  an  administrator  with  a Christian 
conscience.  His  Royal  Highness,  embodying  in  his 
own  career  the  genius  of  this  promise  of  the  modern 
world,  comes  to  us  at  a particularly  felicitous  moment 
for  he  represents  a great  nation  that  has  just  given  us  an 
inspiring  example  of  international  altruism.  We  do 
not  forget  that  at  the  last  meeting  of  the  Council  of  the 
League  of  Nations,  it  was  Sweden  that  led  the  way  in 
the  effort  to  avert  discordance  by  offering  to  relinquish 
her  claim  to  representation  in  the  Council.  Her  ex- 
ample was  immediately  contagious  and  will  doubtless 


contribute  potently  to  harmony  in  the  September  meet- 
ing of  the  League. 

While  we  have  much  to  encourage  us  in  our  own 
home  life,  we  are  not  quite  so  sure  of  ourselves  when  we 
look  across  the  sea.  We  are  enjoying  great  prosperity 
and  are  enabled  through  it,  to  bear  with  equanimity 
our  own  heavy  burdens.  We  cannot  be,  however,  and 
are  not,  indifferent  to  the  melancholy  condition  of  many 
of  our  brethren  of  the  Old  World.  The  great  states 
staggering  under  the  burdens  imposed  by  the  late  war, 
make  profound  appeal  to  our  sympathies  and  give  rise 
to  searchings  of  heart.  Our  immense  potentiality  is 
charged  with  great  responsibility  and  we  may  well 
have  serious  doubts  as  to  who  will  emerge  from  the  late 
cataclysm  best  entitled  to  the  moral  leadership  of  the 
world — the  peoples  disciplined  by  suffering  and  tri- 
umphant over  the  giant  Despair,  or  ourselves  measure- 
ably  spectators  in  this  drama  of  resurgent  civilization. 

However  remote  our  immediate  interest  in  the 
event,  it  is  a pity  we  could  not  have  participated  in  the 
conference  at  Locarno.  The  memorable  pact  there  con- 
cluded has  made  the  name  of  that  little  city  synonymous 
with  Christian  internationalism.  Locarno  is  the  morn- 
ing star  of  a new  day  of  national  friendship.  We  com- 
mence to  visualize  the  emergence  of  a world  society — 
the  “parliament  of  man’’  of  the  poet’s  dream.  Racial 
affiliation  is  the  unique  objective  of  Christianity  and  our 
exaggerated  individualism  denies  us  the  privilege  of 
accelerating  its  rising  tide.  “Greece,”  said  Frederick 
Harrison,  “taught  us  the  noble  lesson  of  individual 
liberty,  but  Rome  the  far  nobler  lesson  of  the  sense  of 
social  duty.” 

It  is  true  we  have  made  important  contribution  to 
the  economic  reconstruction  of  Europe,  that  we  are 
proposing  to  join  the  World  Court  with  cautious  reser- 
vations, that  we  express  willingness  to  confer  upon  dis- 
armament, but  in  the  settlement  of  international  in- 
debtedness the  generosity  of  the  liberation  of  Cuba  has 
seemed  to  give  way  to  the  legalistic  spirit  of  the 

[ 20  ] 


ancient  Spartan  tenet,  “calling  that  which  is  just, 
equal — rather  than  that  which  is  equal,  just.” 

Once  every  year  the  representatives  of  fifty-five  na- 
tions meet  at  Geneva  and  study  to  fit  together  the  sep- 
arate pieces  of  the  puzzle  map  of  national  relationship — 
to  build  the  edifice  of  a warless  civilization.  Inspired 
by  a common  purpose  of  unparalleled  grandeur,  these 
delegates  cannot  but  feel  the  spiritual  urge  of  these 
momentous  meetings.  This  is  Christianity  in  civil- 
ization— the  Twentieth  Century  interpretation  of  the 
“Peace  on  Earth,  Good  Will  to  Men”  of  the  angelic 
message.  Have  we  any  right  to  be  discouraged  with  the 
spiritual  outlook  on  humanity?  For  a while  in  the 
Thirteenth  Century,  the  transcendent  beauty  of  the 
idyll  of  St.  Francis  seemed  to  promise  a new  Heaven  and 
a new  Earth;  the  Reformation  reopened  the  door  of  re- 
ligious possibility;  the  peace  of  Westphalia  terminated 
the  30  years  war,  established  religious  toleration  rescuing 
Protestantism  crippled  by  the  loss  of  its  great  champion 
Gustavus  Adolphus  of  Sweden.  But  has  the  genius  of 
Christianity  in  society  ever  been  as  penetrative  as 
today?  It  is  only  from  the  summit  of  the  Delectable 
Mountains  that  we  obtain  a view  of  the  Celestial  City 
and  they  are  not  climbed  at  a bound. 

“What  though  the  tired  waves  vainly  breaking 
Seem  here  no  painful  inch  to  gain 
Far  back  through  creek  and  inlet  making 
Comes  silent  flooding  in  the  main.” 


ADDRESS  OF  HIS  ROYAL  HIGHNESS 
THE  CROWN  PRINCE  OF  SWEDEN 

CASUAL  observer  will,  I think,  be 
tempted  to  believe  that  the  character- 
istics of  our  epoch  are  mere  disruption 
and  discord.  In  despair  he  may  even 
be  led  to  believe  that  there  is  hardly 
any  tendency  for  betterment.  I believe 
he  is  mistaken.  Our  epoch  has  a deep  undercurrent  of 
longing  for  unity  and  for  cooperation.  The  feeling  may 
be  latent  in  many  quarters,  yet  it  exists  as  surely  as  the 
fact  that  hope  and  idealism  will  never  entirely  lose 
their  hold  over  human  beings. 

But  cooperation  requires  mutual  confidence.  The 
most  important  thing  therefore  to  be  done  for  the  heal- 
ing of  the  wounds  of  our  civilization,  is  to  pour  broth- 
erly feelings  into  the  hearts  of  men,  so  that  they  come 
to  a better  understanding  individually,  collectively  and 
as  nations. 

In  its  own  idea  and  constitution  no  human  organiza- 
tion has  a more  direct  calling  for  such  a momentous  task 
than  the  Church.  “Peace  on  earth”  is  the  very  word 
which  ought  to  resound  as  a call  to  duty.  For  nothing 
could  be  more  obvious  than  that  the  Church  neglects 
its  duty  if  it  does  not  earnestly  try  with  common  con- 
sent and  one  voice  to  proclaim  peace  and  mutual  trust 
amongst  men. 

In  that  work  of  cooperation  you,  gentlemen  of  the 
New  World,  have  as  yet  achieved  more  than  Christen- 
dom in  the  Old  World.  Your  Federal  Council  of  the 
Churches  of  Christ  in  America  is  a real  comprehensive 
body  for  cooperation  between  different  communions 

[ 22  ] 


and  confessions  which,  leaving  to  each  one  its  sacred 
heritage,  realized  the  Christian  calling  to  combine 
forces  and  efforts  and  put  them  together  for  the  welfare 
of  this  great  nation  and  of  Humanity.  Still  today  your 
Federal  Council  represents  a larger  number  of  Evan- 
gelic Christians  and  organizations  who  are  determined  to 
accomplish  together  the  work  of  Love  and  Justice,  than 
any  other  Church  Federation.  In  addition  you  have 
The  Church  Peace  Union,  the  World  Alliance  for  Inter- 
national Friendship,  cooperative  organizations  working 
in  the  specific  field  of  international  goodwill  and  uni- 
versal brotherhood,  and  many  other  great  religious 
organizations  who  are  working  for  the  principle  of  unity 
among  the  religious  forces  of  the  world. 

It  gives  me  a special  pleasure  to  be  your  guest  today 
and  to  find  myself  surrounded  by  men  representing  the 
powerful  religious  activity  in  the  United  States  of 
America.  For  I am  persuaded  that  your  joint  spiritual 
strength  means  one  of  the  most  hopeful  and  reliable 
moral  resources  of  that  disrupted  Humanity  of  ours. 

And  it  was  here  also  amongst  you  that  a bold  and 
wonderful  thought  was  born  and  took  definite  shape. 
I refer  to  the  idea  of  gathering  Christendom,  on  the 
duty  of  the  Church,  and  for  creating  a common  organ  to 
be  the  mouthpiece  of  Christianity’s  conscience. 

The  same  great  plan  was  conceived  amongst  us  in  the 
north  of  Europe  at  exactly  the  same  time.  Without 
knowing  of  those  two  independent  initiatives,  the  same 
need  and  necessity  made  itself  felt  in  other  sections  of 
Christendom.  Thus  came  together  in  our  Swedish 
capital  the  Universal  Christian  Conference  on  Life  and 
Work.  It  was  a truly  great  satisfaction  to  my  country 
to  cooperate  for  the  realization  of  that  bold  idea.  The 
literature  on  the  Universal  Conference  in  different  coun- 
tries and  in  different  languages  seems  to  be  enormous  and 
is  still  growing.  It  proves  how  general  the  impression 
was,  that  overwhelmed  myself  for  one,  and  many  others 
besides  in  my  country.  That  impression  might  best  be 
told  in  two  points,  pronounced  in  a clear-cut  way  by 


members  of  the  American  delegation.  “The  miracle 
was  and  is  that  such  a council  of  Christendom  could 
come  into  existence  and  now  belongs  to  History,  a 
witness  before  the  world  and  an  inspiration  for  thou- 
sands and  millions  of  human  beings.  Some  years  ago 
nobody  could  have  dreamt  that  anything  like  that 
should  happen  on  our  earth  and  that  a complicated 
conference,  combining  threefold  contrasts  of  political, 
confessional  and  theological  kinds,  could  have  such  a 
mighty  and  dignified  character  of  outspoken  frankness, 
self-restraint  and  brotherly  confidence  and  love.’’ 

The  second  impression  is  just  as  significant.  That 
Conference  was  only  a beginning,  not  an  end,  a begin- 
ning rich  in  promise,  but  at  the  same  time  rich  in  res- 
ponsibility for  every  one,  who  had  the  privilege  of  tak- 
ing part  in  it. 

In  Stockholm  I had  the  opportunity  of  saying  that, 
as  far  as  I could  see.  Unity  and  cooperation  does  not  im- 
ply uniformity.  On  the  contrary,  the  manyfold  gifts 
represented  by  so  many  countries  and  traditions  and  con- 
fessions make  the  whole  aspect  of  such  a cooperating 
Christianity  more  true,  more  like  a beautiful  harmony 
enriched  by  many  parts.  But  the  walls  of  narrow  sight, 
of  prejudice,  of  misunderstanding  must  be  pulled  down. 

History  may  possibly  better  than  we  ourselves  realize 
the  inspiring  greatness  of  the  sight  we  saw  in  Stockholm 
last  August;  Churches  old  and  Churches  new.  Churches 
from  the  East  and  Churches  from  the  West,  Christian 
Communities  with  many  and  with  few  adherents, 
wealthy  or  poor,  all  alike  striving  to  find  the  ways  of 
cooperation  and  friendship  for  the  welfare  of  Humanity. 


v 


vi::' 


